Green Hydrogen - Fuel of the Future

 Today the world is shifting its sources of energy from carbon-based fossil-fuels to renewable energy sources. One of the major goal today is to reduce or cut down the carbon emissions, and green hydrogen has a promising future to achieve it. In today’s blog let us have an overview of this carbon free hydrogen and the various technologies to store it.

Introduction --

Hydrogen is a “carbon free” energy carrier, it has the highest possible energy density of any hydrogen-based fuel. In a combustion reaction (e.g. CH4 + 2O2→ CO2 + 2H2O), the energy contribution from hydrogen is 120 kJ g−1 while the contribution from carbon is only 33 kJ g−1. For a direct comparison, 3 kg of gasoline has the same energy as 1 kg of H2, and in addition the gasoline also produces approximately 9 kg of CO2. 

Source: https://www.activesustainability.com/sustainable-development/green-hydrogen-energy-transition/?_adin=02021864894

Thus we must find a way for a transition to hydrogen based economy in the near future to become feasible and economically practical. Many materials challenges must be addressed and thus, we must create the materials that will support emerging energy technologies. Now, let us have a look at what is green hydrogen.

What is Green Hydrogen?

When hydrogen is formed by electrolysis, which separates water into oxygen and hydrogen by providing electricity from renewable sources, then the hydrogen produced can be considered as renewable and is known as green hydrogen.                                              Through technological advancements this hydrogen can be used as an input in various industries, including steel industry, a sector which is in considerable pressure due its high carbon emissions. It can be used as an alternative fuel for mobility, heating purposes etc. It will have a significant impact towards making the world more sustainable in terms of energy and thus, we must think of ways to store this hydrogen.

Hydrogen Storage --

There are advanced storage methods such as high-pressure gas or liquid storage but they cannot fulfill future storage goals. Chemical or physically combined storage of hydrogen in other materials has potential advantages over other storage methods. At the heart of the issue is that hydrogen is a gas at standard pressure and temperature (SPT) and therefore has a low volumetric density.               

Source:https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Metal_Hydride_for_Hydrogen_Storage-Ovonic.jpg

To counter this challenge a solid-state hydrogen storage where a host material is used as a hydrogen carrier can offer improved volumetric energy densities. A hydrogen fuel cell using a metal hydride (AlH3) as a H2 source yields gravimetric and volumetric energy densities over four times greater than even the best performing conventional batteries (Li polymer). Recently, intensive research has been done on metal hydrides for improvement of hydrogenation properties. Much of the current activity on metal hydrides for hydrogen storage is focused on developing new materials that can meet the demands of a low temperature automotive fuel cell system.

Conclusion --

         The transition to a Hydrogen Economy is challenging and will require a number of technological advancements. There are no known materials that have the desired high capacity, thermodynamics and kinetics for the applications of green hydrogen and therefore much of the current research is focused on fundamentals of metal hydrides and materials discovery.  Although this area is still emerging, there is a need for more life cycle analysis, safety, environmental and engineering studies of new “candidate materials” to evaluate the performance of these new hydrides on a system level. 

Hope you find this blog captivating!

Blog Credits : PRIYANSHU RAGHUWANSHI (TY META 111911031) - TEAM META MONDAY

References --

1.       Graetz, Jason. “New Approaches to Hydrogen Storage.” Chem. Soc. Rev., vol. 38, no. 1, 2009, pp. 73–82. DOI.org (Crossref), https://doi.org/10.1039/B718842K.

2.       Rivard, Etienne, et al. “Hydrogen Storage for Mobility: A Review.” Materials, vol. 12, no. 12, June 2019, p. 1973. PubMed Central, https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12121973.

3.       “What Is Green Hydrogen? Carbon-Friendly Gas at the Centre of Modi’s National Hydrogen Mission.” MSN, https://www.msn.com/en-in/news/newsindia/what-is-green-hydrogen-carbon-friendly-gas-at-the-centre-of-modi-s-national-hydrogen-mission/ar-AANl1xU. Accessed 31 Dec. 2021.

4.     Sakintuna, Billur, et al. “Metal Hydride Materials for Solid Hydrogen Storage: A Review.” International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, vol. 32, no. 9, June 2007, pp. 1121–40. ScienceDirect, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2006.11.022.


NOTE:-

This blog is meant for Educational Purpose only .We do not own any Copyrights related to images and information , all the rights goes to their respective owners . The sole purpose of this blog is to Educate, Inspire, Empower and to create awareness in the viewers. The usage is non-commercial(Not For Profit) and we do not make any money from it.


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